Safety and efficiency are top priorities for your home’s electrical system. Dedicated circuits can help you to accomplish both. 

What’s a dedicated circuit, you might ask? This type of circuit supplies power to a specific appliance or area of your home, preventing overloads and reducing the risk of electrical issues. But how many dedicated circuits does a house need, and what appliances require them? Here, we’ll give you the answers you’re looking for.

How Many Dedicated Circuits in a House?

The number of dedicated circuits in a house depends on the size of the home, the electrical load, and the appliances being used. However, a typical modern home may have anywhere from 6 to 10 dedicated circuits or more, depending on the homeowner's specific needs and the types of appliances installed. Homes with more advanced or larger appliances may require additional circuits.

Factors that influence the number of dedicated circuits:

• Home size: Larger homes with more rooms and amenities require more dedicated circuits to safely distribute the electrical load.

• Appliance load: The electrical demand of appliances in your home, such as HVAC systems, water heaters, and refrigerators, will dictate the number of circuits needed.

• Building codes: Local electrical codes and national safety regulations play a major role in determining the number of circuits necessary.

What Appliances Need Dedicated Circuits?

A dedicated circuit is required for any appliance that draws significant electrical current to avoid overloading shared circuits. Overloaded circuits can lead to tripped breakers, damage to appliances, or even electrical fires. Below is a list of appliances that commonly require dedicated circuits:

Refrigerator: Your kitchen's refrigerator is a heavy-duty appliance that runs continuously, which requires its own circuit. This prevents overloading and ensures the refrigerator operates safely.

Oven and Stove: Electric ovens and stoves require a substantial amount of power, making a dedicated circuit essential to handle the load without affecting other kitchen appliances.

Dishwasher: Because dishwashers combine water and electricity, they must be on a dedicated circuit to minimize the risk of electrical hazards and keep the system from overloading.

Microwave: Modern microwaves draw a significant amount of current, especially when used frequently. A dedicated circuit helps prevent tripped breakers and power interruptions.

HVAC System: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are among the largest power consumers in any home. To ensure efficient operation and safety, these systems need dedicated circuits.

Washer and Dryer: Both washing machines and electric dryers use large amounts of power. A dedicated circuit for each ensures proper performance and prevents system overload.

Water Heater: Electric water heaters require dedicated circuits due to the high amount of current needed to heat water consistently and safely.

Garbage Disposal: Although relatively small, garbage disposals need their own circuit to avoid interfering with other kitchen appliances, especially if they are used frequently.

Garage Door Opener: Garage door openers are often overlooked but should be placed on a dedicated circuit to ensure smooth operation without compromising other circuits.

Why Dedicated Circuits Are Important

Dedicated circuits protect your home from electrical overloads, which can cause breaker trips, overheating, and fire hazards. Installing appliances on shared circuits not only leads to inconvenience but also increases wear and tear on your electrical system.

Key benefits of dedicated circuits:

• Prevent overloads: Appliances like refrigerators and ovens can overload a shared circuit, causing tripped breakers.

• Protect appliances: Dedicated circuits prevent electrical damage to sensitive appliances, which can extend their lifespan.

• Ensure safety: Properly installed circuits reduce the risk of electrical fires and system malfunctions.

Thomas Edison Electric, Your Partner for Dedicated Circuit Installation

The number of dedicated circuits in a house and the appliances that need them depend on the home’s electrical load and appliance use. Common appliances like refrigerators, ovens, and HVAC systems should always be connected to dedicated circuits for optimal performance and safety. 

If you’re unsure about your home’s electrical needs or whether your appliances require dedicated circuits, it’s a good idea to consult with a licensed electrician to ensure your home is properly wired and up to code.